A prodrug is a medication or compound that, after intake, is metabolized (i.e., converted within the body) into a pharmacologically active drug. Instead of administering a drug directly, a corresponding prodrug can be used to improve how the drug is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted ().Prodrugs are often designed to improve bioavailability when a …

Monoclonal antibody therapy is a form of immunotherapy that uses monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to bind monospecifically to certain cells or proteins.The objective is that this treatment will stimulate the patient's immune system to attack those cells. Alternatively, in radioimmunotherapy a radioactive dose localizes a target cell line, delivering lethal chemical doses.

The following is a list of psychedelic drugs of various chemical classes, including both naturally occurring and synthetic compounds. Serotonergic psychedelics are usually considered the "classical" psychedelics [dubious – discuss], whereas the other classes are often seen as having only secondary psychedelic properties; nonetheless all of the compounds listed here are …

Als Prodrug (das oder die Prodrug) wird ein inaktiver oder wenig aktiver pharmakologischer Stoff bezeichnet, der erst durch Verstoffwechselung (Metabolisierung) im Organismus in einen aktiven Wirkstoff (Metaboliten) überführt wird.. Prodrugs sind in denjenigen Fällen von strategischer Bedeutung, in denen der eigentlich aktive Wirkstoff, würde er direkt verabreicht, nicht oder nur ...

Proteolysis is the breakdown of proteins into smaller polypeptides or amino acids.Uncatalysed, the hydrolysis of peptide bonds is extremely slow, taking hundreds of years. Proteolysis is typically catalysed by cellular enzymes called proteases, but may also occur by intra-molecular digestion.. Proteolysis in organisms serves many purposes; for example, digestive enzymes …

Dieses Prodrug wird erst im Körper beim Durchtritt der Schleimhaut des Dünndarms in die eigentliche Wirkform Candesartan überführt. Nach Einnahme von Candesartan kann es häufig zu Nebenwirkungen wie Atemwegsinfektion, Schwindel, Kopfschmerzen, erhöhten Kaliumwerten im Blut, niedrigem Blutdruck und Einschränkung der Nierenfunktion kommen.

γ-Hydroxyvaleric acid (GHV), also known as 4-methyl-GHB, is a designer drug related to γ-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB). It is sometimes seen on the grey market as a legal alternative to GHB, but with lower potency and higher toxicity, properties which have tended to limit its recreational use.. γ-Valerolactone (GVL) acts as a prodrug to GHV, analogously to how γ-butyrolactone …

Sodium picosulfate is a prodrug. It has no significant direct physiological effect on the intestine; however, it is metabolised by gut bacteria into the active compound 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenyl-(2-pyridyl)methane (DPM, BHPM). This compound is a stimulant laxative and increases peristalsis in …

Pharmakologie Wirkungsmechanismus. Gemcitabin ist ein Zytostatikum und wird in die Gruppe der Antimetabolite eingeordnet und gehört zur Gruppe der Pyrimidinanaloga. Es handelt sich um ein Prodrug, das erst in der menschlichen Zelle zu seiner eigentlichen Wirkform umgewandelt wird.. Die zytostatische Wirkung von Gemcitabin beruht darauf, dass statt des menschlichen …

lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), are nanoparticles composed of lipids.They are a novel pharmaceutical drug delivery system (and part of nanoparticle drug delivery), and a novel pharmaceutical formulation. LNPs as a drug delivery vehicle were first approved in 2018 for the siRNA drug Onpattro. LNPs became more widely known in late 2020, as some COVID-19 vaccines that …