Definition
Public health has been defined as "the science and art of preventing disease", prolonging life and improving quality of life through organized efforts and informed choices of

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Public health aims are achieved through surveillance of cases and the promotion of healthy behaviors, communities and environments.

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Original focal areas
When public health initiatives began to emerge in England in modern times (18th century onwards) there were three core strands of public health

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Disparities in service and access
There is a significant disparity in access to health care and public health initiatives between developed countries and developing countries,

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Until the 18th century
From the beginnings of human civilization, communities promoted health and fought disease at the population level. Definitions of health as well as methods to pursue it differed according to the medical, religious and natural-

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Education and training
Education and training of public health professionals is available throughout the world in Schools of Public Health, Medical Schools, Veterinary Schools, Schools of Nursing, and Schools of Public Affairs. The training typically requires

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Organizations
World Health Organization (WHO)
The World Health Organization (WHO) is a specialized agency of the United Nationsresponsible for international public health. The WHO Constitution, which establishes the agency's governing

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