Rhotacism (/ ˈ r oʊ t ə s ɪ z əm /) or rhotacization is a sound change that converts one consonant (usually a voiced alveolar consonant: /z/, /d/, /l/, or /n/) to a rhotic consonant in a certain environment. The most common may be of /z/ to /r/. When a dialect or member of a language family resists the change and keeps a /z/ sound, this is sometimes known as zetacism.

Rhoticity in English is the pronunciation of the historical rhotic consonant /r/ by English speakers. The presence or absence of rhoticity is one of the most prominent distinctions by which varieties of English can be classified. In rhotic varieties, the historical English /r/ sound is preserved in all pronunciation contexts. In non-rhotic varieties, speakers no longer pronounce /r/ in ...

The change caused /ɑulk/ to become /ɑuk/, and /ɔulk/ to become /ɔuk/. Even outside Ireland, some of these words have more than one pronunciation that retains the /l/ sound, especially in American English where spelling pronunciations caused partial or full reversal of L-vocalization in a handful of cases: caulk/calk can be /ˈkɔːlk/ or ...

In early Middle English, a vowel /i/ was inserted between a front vowel and a following /h/ (pronounced [ç] in this context), and a vowel /u/ was inserted between a back vowel and a following /h/ (pronounced [x] in this context).. That is a prototypical example of the narrow sense of "vowel breaking" as described above: the original vowel breaks into a diphthong that …

The North Germanic languages make up one of the three branches of the Germanic languages—a sub-family of the Indo-European languages—along with the West Germanic languages and the extinct East Germanic languages.The language group is also referred to as the Nordic languages, a direct translation of the most common term used among Danish, Faroese, Icelandic, …

Indo-European s between vowels was first voiced to [z] in late Proto-Italic and became r in Latin and Umbrian, a change known as rhotacism. Early Old Latin documents still have s [z], and Cicero once remarked that a certain Papirius Crassus officially changed his name from Papisius in 339 b. c., indicating the approximate time of this change ...

Pliny's dates are pinned to the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in AD 79 and a statement by his nephew that he died in his 56th year, which would put his birth in AD 23 or 24.. Pliny was the son of an equestrian Gaius Plinius Celer and his wife Marcella. Neither the younger nor the elder Pliny mention the names. Their ultimate source is a fragmentary inscription (CIL V 1 3442) found in a …

Neapolitan (autonym: (' o n)napulitano [(o n)napuliˈtɑːnə]; Italian: napoletano) is a Romance language of the Italo-Dalmatian group spoken across much of mainland Southern Italy, except for southern Calabria and southern Apulia, and spoken in a small part of central Italy (the province of Ascoli Piceno in the Marche).It is named after the Kingdom of Naples that once covered most …

The Italic languages form a branch of the Indo-European language family, whose earliest known members were spoken on the Italian Peninsula in the first millennium BC. The most important of the ancient languages was Latin, the official language of ancient Rome, which conquered the other Italic peoples before the common era.The other Italic languages became extinct in the …

Jul 03, 2022 · Pericles, the greatest man of his day: Pericles, quo nemo tum fuit clarior Pericles, the greatest man of his day: Pericles, vir omnium, qui tum fuerunt, clarissimus it is more than twenty years ago: amplius sunt (quam) viginti anni or viginti annis (ambiguous) I have not seen you for five years: quinque anni sunt or sextus annus est, cum te non vidi on the day after, …