Rudolf Carnap (/ ˈ k ɑːr n æ p /; German: [ˈkaʁnaːp]; 18 May 1891 – 14 September 1970) was a German-language philosopher who was active in Europe before 1935 and in the United States thereafter. He was a major member of the Vienna Circle and an advocate of logical positivism.He is considered "one of the giants among twentieth-century philosophers."

Paul Rudolf Carnap (* 18.Mai 1891 in Ronsdorf, heute Stadtteil von Wuppertal; † 14. September 1970 in Santa Monica, Kalifornien) war ein deutscher Philosoph und einer der Hauptvertreter des logischen Empirismus.Für Carnap bestand die Aufgabe der Philosophie in der logischen Analyse der (Wissenschafts-)Sprache, wobei er als einer der ersten Theoretiker versuchte, die logischen …

Explication (German: Explikation) is the process of drawing out the meaning of something which is not clearly defined, so as to make explicit what is currently left implicit.The term explication is used in both analytic philosophy and literary criticism. Rudolf Carnap was the first to coin the term in an analytic philosophical approach in his book Logical Foundations of Probability, while the ...

Hans Reichenbach (September 26, 1891 – April 9, 1953) was a leading philosopher of science, educator, and proponent of logical empiricism.He was influential in the areas of science, education, and of logical empiricism.He founded the Gesellschaft für empirische Philosophie (Society for Empirical Philosophy) in Berlin in 1928, also known as the “Berlin Circle”.