El Salvadorhas historically been characterized by marked socioeconomic inequality. In the late 19th century coffee became a major cash crop for El Salvador, bringing in about 95% of the country's income. However, this

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JRG coup October 1979
With tensions mounting and the country on the verge of an insurrection, the civil-military Revolutionary Government Junta (JRG) deposed President Gen. Romero in a coup on 15 October 1979. The U.S. feared that El Salvador, like

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In its effort to defeat the insurgency, the Salvadoran Armed Forces carried out a "scorched earth" strategy, and adopted tactics similar to those being employed in neighboring

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Fixed elections and lack of accountability
In 1984 elections, Christian Democrat José Napoleón Duarte won the presidency (with 54% of the votes) against Army Major Roberto d'Aubuisson of the Nationalist Republican Alliance(ARENA). The elections were held under

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After 10 years of war, more than one million people had been displaced out of a population of 5,389,000. 40% of the homes of newly displaced people were completely destroyed and

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The peace process set up under the Chapultepec Accords was monitored by the United Nations from 1991 until June 1997 when it closed its

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Peace offer and rejection
In 1982, the FMLN began calling for a peace settlement that would establish a "government of broad

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