The Mughal empire was founded by Babur, a Timurid prince and ruler from Central Asia.Babur was a direct descendant of the Timurid Emperor Tamerlane on his father's side, and the Mongol ruler Genghis Khan on his mother's side. Ousted from his ancestral domains in Turkistan by Sheybani Khan, the 40-year-old Prince Babur turned to India to satisfy his ambitions.

Shihab al-Din Muhammad Khurram (Persian: شهاب الدين محمد خرم, romanized: Shihāb al-Dīn Muḥammad Khurram; 5 January 1592 – 22 January 1666), better known by his regnal name Shah Jahan (Persian: شاه جهان; lit. 'King of the World'), was the fifth emperor of the Mughal Empire, reigning from January 1628 until July 1658.. Under his emperorship, the Mughals reached the ...