Etymology
The Sioux people refer to the Great Sioux Nation as the Očhéthi Šakówiŋ (pronounced [oˈtʃʰetʰi ʃaˈkowĩ], meaning "Seven Council Fires"). Each fire is a symbol of an oyate

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Ancestral Sioux
The ancestral Sioux most likely lived in the Central Mississippi Valley region and later in Minnesota, for at least two or three thousand years. The ancestors of the Sioux arrived in the northwoods of central Minnesota and

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The Sioux comprise three closely related language groups:
1. Eastern Dakota (also known as Santee-Sisseton or Dakhóta)
2. Western Dakota (or Yankton-Yanktonai or Dakȟóta)
3. Lakota (or Lakȟóta, Teton, Teton Sioux)

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In the late 19th century, railroads wanted to build tracks through Indian lands. The railroad companies hired hunters to exterminate the bison herds, the Plains Indians' primary food

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Historical
• Šóta (Old Chief Smoke) — an original Oglala Lakota head chief
• Siŋté Glešká (Spotted Tail) — Brulé chief who resisted joining Red Cloud's War

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• Chaky, Doreen (2014). Terrible justice: Sioux Chiefs and U.S. Soldiers on the Upper Missouri, 1854–1868. University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN 9780870624148.
• Hassrick, Royal B (1977). The Sioux: life and customs of a warrior society. University of Oklahoma

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The Sioux are divided into three ethnic groups, the larger of which are divided into sub-groups, and further branched into bands. The earliest known European record of the Sioux

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