surface rupture wikipedia - EAS
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In seismology, surface rupture (or ground rupture, or ground displacement) is the visible offset of the ground surface when an earthquake rupture along a fault affects the Earth's surface. Surface rupture is opposed by buried rupture, where there is no displacement at ground level. This is a major risk to … See more
Not every earthquake results in surface rupture, particularly for smaller and deeper earthquakes. In some cases, however, the lack of surface effects is because the fault that moved does not reach the surface. For example, the See more
The form that surface rupturing takes depends on two things: the nature of the material at the surface and the type of fault movement.
Effect of surface lithology
Where there are thick superficial deposits overlying the trace … See more• 1983 Borah Peak earthquake M6.9 in Idaho, normal faulting - 34 km (21 mi)
• 1992 Landers earthquake M7.3 in San Bernardino County, California, strike-slip faulting - 80 km (50 … See moreSurface ruptures commonly occur on pre-existing faults. Only rarely are earthquakes (and surface ruptures) associated with faulting on entirely new fault structures. There is shallow hypocenter, and large fracture energy on the asperities, the asperity shallower … See more
To retrofit a house to survive surface rupture requires engineered design by geotechnical, and structural or civil engineers. This can be quite expensive. See more
Wikipedia text under CC-BY-SA license - https://www.wikiwand.com/en/Surface_rupture
In seismology, surface rupture (or ground rupture, or ground displacement) is the visible offset of the ground surface when an earthquake rupture along a fault affects the Earth's surface. …
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Most ruptures propagate at speeds in the range of 0.5–0.7 of the shear wave velocity, with only a minority of ruptures propagating significantly faster or slower than that.
The upper limit to normal propagation is the velocity of Rayleigh waves, 0.92 of the shear wave velocity, typically about 3.5 km per second. Observations from some earthquakes indicate that ruptures can propagate at speeds between the S-wave and P-wave velocity. These supershear e…Wikipedia · Text under CC-BY-SA license- Estimated Reading Time: 7 mins
- https://www.usgs.gov/faqs/what-surface-faulting-or-surface-rupture-earthquake
On 3 November 2002, an M7.9 earthquake produced 340 km of surface rupture on the Denali and two related faults in Alaska. The rupture proceeded from west to east and began …
Surface rupture - Wikipedia @ WordDisk
https://worddisk.com/wiki/Surface_ruptureIn seismology, surface rupture (or ground rupture, or ground displacement) is the visible offset of the ground surface when an earthquake rupture along a fault affects the Earth's surface. …
Surface rupture | Detailed Pedia
https://www.detailedpedia.com/wiki-Surface_ruptureSurface rupture (or ground rupture, or ground displacement) is the visible offset of the ground surface when an earthquake rupture along a fault affects the Earth's surface. Surface …
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Category:Earthquake surface rupture From Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository Media in category "Earthquake surface rupture" The following 10 files are in this category, out …
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December 31, 1984. In order to refine correlations of surface-wave magnitude, fault rupture length at the ground surface, and fault displacement at the surface by including the …
- https://www.pnsn.org/.../surface-rupture
Surface rupture is an offset of the ground surface when fault rupture extends to the Earth's surface. Any structure built across the fault is at risk of being torn apart as the two sides of the fault slip past each …
- https://www.earthquakeauthority.com/Prepare-Your...
An earthquake can push and pull the ground, tearing the surface and pushing the ground apart and upward. These are known as “surface ruptures.” A surface rupture may occur suddenly during an …
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