Web転移RNA（てんいRNA、英: transfer RNA 、tRNA）は 、通常76–90ヌクレオチド（真核生物の場合 ）のRNAからなるアダプター分子であり、遺伝情報を含むmRNAとタンパク質のアミノ酸配列とを物理的に結びつける役割を担う。 運搬RNA、トランスファーRNAとも呼ばれ、通常tRNAと略記される。

WebAn aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase (aaRS or ARS), also called tRNA-ligase, is an enzyme that attaches the appropriate amino acid onto its corresponding tRNA.It does so by catalyzing the transesterification of a specific cognate amino acid or its precursor to one of all its compatible cognate tRNAs to form an aminoacyl-tRNA.In humans, the 20 different …

WebTransfer RNA (abbreviated tRNA and formerly referred to as sRNA, for soluble RNA) is an adaptor molecule composed of RNA, typically 76 to 90 nucleotides in length (in eukaryotes), that serves as the physical link between the mRNA and the amino acid sequence of proteins. Transfer RNA (tRNA) does this by carrying an amino acid to the protein …

WebPseudouridine (abbreviated by the Greek letter psi- Ψ) is an isomer of the nucleoside uridine in which the uracil is attached via a carbon-carbon instead of a nitrogen-carbon glycosidic bond. (In this configuration, uracil is sometimes referred to as 'pseudouracil'.) Pseudouridine is the most abundant RNA modification in cellular RNA. After …

WebMechanism. In general, protein synthesis inhibitors work at different stages of bacterial mRNA translation into proteins, like initiation, elongation (including aminoacyl tRNA entry, proofreading, peptidyl transfer, and bacterial translocation) and termination: . Earlier stages. Rifamycin inhibits bacterial DNA transcription into mRNA by inhibiting DNA-dependent …

WebProtein biosynthesis (or protein synthesis) is a core biological process, occurring inside cells, balancing the loss of cellular proteins (via degradation or export) through the production of new proteins.Proteins perform a number of critical functions as enzymes, structural proteins or hormones.Protein synthesis is a very similar process for both …

WebDystrophin is a rod-shaped cytoplasmic protein, and a vital part of a protein complex that connects the cytoskeleton of a muscle fiber to the surrounding extracellular matrix through the cell membrane.This complex is variously known as the costamere or the dystrophin-associated protein complex (DAPC). Many muscle proteins, such as α-dystrobrevin, …

WebIn immunology, activation is the transition of leucocytes and other cell types involved in the immune system.On the other hand, deactivation is the transition in the reverse direction. This balance is tightly regulated, since a too small degree of activation causes susceptibility to infections, while, on the other hand, a too large degree of activation causes …

WebEl ARN de transferencia o ARN transferente (ARNt) es un tipo de ácido ribonucleico que tiene una función importante en la síntesis proteica. [1] [2] Es aquel que transfiere las moléculas de aminoácidos a los ribosomas, para posteriormente ordenarlos a lo largo de la molécula de ARN mensajero (ARNm); estos aminoácidos se unen por medio de enlaces …

WebA particularly extreme case is the Drosophila dhc7 gene containing a ≥3.6 megabase (Mb) intron, which takes roughly three days to transcribe. On the other extreme, a 2015 study suggests that the shortest known metazoan intron length is 30 base pairs (bp) belonging to the human MST1L gene. The shortest known introns belong to the heterotrich ciliates, …