History Discrete-component ROM. IBM used capacitor read-only storage (CROS) and transformer read-only storage (TROS) to store microcode for the smaller System/360 models, the 360/85, and the initial two System/370 models (370/155 and 370/165).On some models there was also a writeable control store (WCS) for additional diagnostics and emulation support. The Apollo …

Expatica is the international community’s online home away from home. A must-read for English-speaking expatriates and internationals across Europe, Expatica provides a tailored local news service and essential information on living, working, and moving to your country of choice. With in-depth features, Expatica brings the international community closer together.

A field-programmable gate array (FPGA) is an integrated circuit designed to be configured by a customer or a designer after manufacturing – hence the term field-programmable.The FPGA configuration is generally specified using a hardware description language (HDL), similar to that used for an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). Circuit diagrams were previously …

Ransomware is a type of malware from cryptovirology that threatens to publish the victim's personal data or perpetually block access to it unless a ransom is paid. While some simple ransomware may lock the system without damaging any files, more advanced malware uses a technique called cryptoviral extortion.

Near-field communication (NFC) is a set of communication protocols that enables communication between two electronic devices over a distance of 4 cm (1 1 ⁄ 2 in) or less. NFC offers a low-speed connection through a simple setup that can be used to bootstrap more-capable wireless connections. Like other "proximity card" technologies, NFC is based on …

Google previously ran a project hosting service called Google Code that provided revision control offering Subversion, Mercurial and Git (transparently implemented using Bigtable as storage), an issue tracker, and a wiki for documentation. The service was available and free for all OSI-approved Open Source projects (as of 2010, it was strongly recommended but no longer …

The basic concept of using the square hysteresis loop of certain magnetic materials as a storage or switching device was known from the earliest days of computer development. Much of this knowledge had developed due to an understanding of transformers, which allowed amplification and switch-like performance when built using certain materials.The stable switching behavior …

History. The basis for memory card technology is flash memory. It was invented by Fujio Masuoka at Toshiba in 1980 and commercialized by Toshiba in 1987.. PC Cards (PCMCIA) were the first commercial memory card formats (type I cards) to come out, but are now mainly used in industrial applications and to connect I/O devices such as modems.Since 1994, a number of …

Three multi-investigator groups that operate principally in the TB/HIV space: The South African TB Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), which includes Mark Hatherill (Director), Tom Scriba (Deputy Director) and Elisa Nemes; The Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa (CIDRI-Africa) which includes Robert Wilkinson (Director), Graeme Meintjes, Catherine Riou and Anna Coussens

Jun 01, 2021 · This can be done by a transformer. Hence, a step down transformer is employed to decrease the voltage to the required level. 4.2.2 Rectifier: The output of the transformer is led to the rectifier where it converts to A.C. into pulsating D.C. The rectifier can be a half wave rectifier or a full wave rectifier.