History. In 1204, Philip II of France had forced King John out of continental Normandy enforcing his 1202 claim that the lands were forfeit.However, Philip II had failed in his attempts to occupy the Norman islands in the Channel. Despite the 1217 Treaty of Lambeth, hostilities continued between the successive Kings of France and England until 1259. ...

Matthew Paris, also known as Matthew of Paris (Latin: Matthæus Parisiensis, lit. 'Matthew the Parisian'; c. 1200 – 1259), was an English Benedictine monk, chronicler, artist in illuminated manuscripts and cartographer, based at St Albans Abbey in Hertfordshire.He wrote a number of works, mostly historical, which he scribed and illuminated himself, typically in drawings partly …