An election is a formal group decision-making process by which a population chooses an individual or multiple individuals to hold public office.. Elections have been the usual mechanism by which modern representative democracy has operated since the 17th century. Elections may fill offices in the legislature, sometimes in the executive and judiciary, and for regional and local …

Local government is a generic term for the lowest tiers of public administration within a particular sovereign state.This particular usage of the word government refers specifically to a level of administration that is both geographically-localised and has limited powers. While in some countries, "government" is normally reserved purely for a national administration (government) …

In modern politics and history, a parliament is a legislative body of government. Generally, a modern parliament has three functions: representing the electorate, making laws, and overseeing the government via hearings and inquiries.The term is similar to the idea of a senate, synod or congress and is commonly used in countries that are current or former monarchies.

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Nov 13, 2017 · Many of the world’s constitutions were originally written a few centuries ago, but have been amended over the years when necessary. ... Like many of the countries on this list, the Kingdom of Denmark is both a monarchy and democracy. ... Unitary semi-presidential constitutional republic. photo source: ...

A head of state (or chief of state) is the public persona who officially embodies a state in its unity and legitimacy. Depending on the country's form of government and separation of powers, the head of state may be a ceremonial figurehead (such as the British monarch) or concurrently the head of government and more (such as the President of the United States, who is also …

The Democratic Republic of the Congo is named after the Congo River, which flows throughout the country.The Congo River is the world's deepest river and the world's second-largest river by discharge.The Comité d'études du haut Congo ("Committee for the Study of the Upper Congo"), established by King Leopold II of Belgium in 1876, and the International Association of the …

Several past and present states have declared themselves socialist states or in the process of building socialism.The majority of self-declared socialist countries have been Marxist–Leninist or inspired by it, following the model of the Soviet Union or some form of people's or national democracy.They share a common definition of socialism and they refer to themselves as …

F IGURE 12.1 Semi-Presidential Democracies DEMOCRACIES No: PRESIDENTIAL DEMOCRACIE S Yes: 2. Is the head of state popularly elected for a xed term in of ce? 1. Is the government responsible to the elected legislature? Yes: SEMI-PRESIDENTIAL No: PARLIAMENTARY Source: Cheibub, Gandhi, and Vreeland (2010).

States which have a system of government which is in transition or turmoil and cannot be accurately classified. Somalia. Systems of Internal Governance. Federal. States in which the federal government shares power with semi-independent regional governments. In many cases, the central government is (in theory) a creation of the regional ...