The Modern English word soul, derived from Old English sáwol, sáwel which means immortal principle in man, was first attested in the 8th century poem Beowulf v. 2820 and in the Vespasian Psalter77.50 . It is cognate with other

 ...

The Koine Greek Septuagint uses ψυχή (psyche) to translate Hebrew נפש (nephesh), meaning "life, vital breath", and specifically refers to a mortal, physical life, but in English it is variously translated as "soul, self, life, creature, person, appetite, mind,

 ...

Ancient Near East
In the ancient Egyptian religion, an individual was believed to be made up of various elements, some physical and some spiritual. Similar

 ...

The ancient Greeks used the word "ensouled" to represent the concept of being "alive", indicating that the earliest surviving western philosophicalview believed that the soul was that which gave the body life. The soul was considered the incorporeal or spiritual

 ...

Some parapsychologists have attempted to establish, by scientificexperiment, whether a soul separate from the brain exists, as is more commonly defined

 ...

• Ancient Egyptian concept of the soul
• Being
• Ekam
• History of the location of the soul
• Kami

 ...

Some scientists, such as Julien Musolino, hold that the mind is merely a complex machine that operates on the same physical laws as all other objects in the universe. According to

 ...