what happened to the northwest semitic languages? - EAS

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  1. Extinction

    From the 8th century BCE, the use of Imperial Aramaic by the Neo-Assyrian Empire (935-608 BC) and the succeeding Neo-Babylonian Empire (612-539 BC) and Achaemenid Empire (539-332 BC), a form of the Aramaic language, spread throughout the Northwest Semitic region of the Levant, northern regions of the Arabian peninsula and southern regions of Anatolia, and gradually drove most of the other Northwest Semitic languages to extinction.
    Geographic distribution: concentrated in the Middle East
    Glottolog: nort3165
    Linguistic classification: Afro-AsiaticSemiticWest SemiticCentral SemiticNorthwest Semitic
    Subdivisions: Aramaic, Canaanite, Ugaritic †, Amorite †, Samalian
    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northwest_Semitic_languages
    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northwest_Semitic_languages
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    What is the origin of the Northwest Semitic language?
    Northwest Semitic is a division of the Semitic languages comprising the indigenous languages of the Levant. It emerged from Proto-Semitic in the Early Bronze Age. It is first attested in proper names identified as Amorite in the Middle Bronze Age.
    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northwest_Semitic_languages
    Do other Semitic languages still exist today?
    Despite the ascendancy of Arabic in the Middle East, other Semitic languages still exist. Biblical Hebrew, long extinct as a colloquial language and in use only in Jewish literary, intellectual, and liturgical activity, was revived in spoken form at the end of the 19th century.
    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semitic_languages
    What is the best book on Northwest Semitic languages?
    “The Northwest Semitic Languages,” in The World History of the Jewish People, volume 1/2: Patriarches. Tel Aviv. Greenfield, J. C. 1969. “Amurrite, Ugaritic and Canaanite,” in Proceedings of the International Conference of Semitic Studies. Jerusalem. pp. 92–101. Halpern, B. 1987.
    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northwest_Semitic_languages
    What is Northwest Semitic philology?
    Northwest Semitic Philology is intended as a comprehensive title to include a variety of specific programs devoted to the study of texts in the languages and dialects of the Northwest Semitic peoples (Ugaritic, Phoenician-Punic, the Transjordanian dialects, all dialects of Hebrew and of Aramaic).
    nelc.uchicago.edu/northwest-semitic-philology
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    See all on Wikipedia
    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northwest_Semitic_languages

    Northwest Semitic is a division of the Semitic languages comprising the indigenous languages of the Levant. It emerged from Proto-Semitic in the Early Bronze Age. It is first attested in proper names identified as Amorite in the Middle Bronze Age. The oldest coherent texts are in Ugaritic, dating to the

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    The time period for the split of Northwest Semitic from Proto-Semitic or from other Semitic groups is uncertain, it has been recently suggested by Richard C. Steiner that the earliest attestation of Northwest Semitic is to be found in

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    • Blau, J. 1968. "Some Difficulties in the Reconstruction of 'Proto-Hebrew' and 'Proto-Canaanite'," in In Memoriam Paul Kahle. BZAW, 103. pp.

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    Sound changes
    Phonologically, Ugaritic lost the sound *ṣ́, replacing it with /sˁ/ () (the same shift occurred in Canaanite and

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    Nouns
    Three cases can be reconstructed for Proto-Northwest Semitic nouns (nominative, accusative, genitive), two genders (male,

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  4. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semitic_languages

    The phonologies of the attested Semitic languages are presented here from a comparative point of view. See Proto-Semitic language#Phonology for details on the phonological reconstruction of Proto-Semitic used in this article. The reconstruction of Proto-Semitic (PS) was originally based primarily on Arabic, whose phonology and morphology (particularly in Classical Arabic) is very conservative, and which preserves as contrastive 28 out of the evident 29 consonantal phoneme…

  5. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Northwest-Semitic-languages

    In Semitic languages: The Northwest Semitic languages and Arabic. A different verbal system in the Northwest Semitic languages and Arabic has led many scholars to posit a Central Semitic group within the West Semitic branch. On the one hand, like other West Semitic languages, the Northwest Semitic languages and…. Read More.

  6. https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northwest_Semitic_languages

    Northwest Semitic. Subdivisions: Aramaic. Canaanite. Amorite ( extinct) Samalian (extinct) The Northwest Semitic languages are a branch of Central Semitic languages. They came from the Levant in the Middle East. They include the languages Hebrew and Aramaic.

  7. Northwest Semitic Languages — Brill

    https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/...

    The term ‘Northwest Semitic’ is the traditional designation of a group of languages comprising Ugaritic, the Canaanite dialects, and the Aramaic dialects. Ugaritic is the language of the ancient city of Ugarit (modern Rās Šamra, on the northeast coast of the Mediterranean in Syria). The roughly eleven hundred Ugaritic texts are written in ...

  8. https://infogalactic.com/info/Northwest_Semitic_languages

    By the 6th century BC, the use of Aramaic spread throughout the Northwest Semitic region (see Imperial Aramaic ), largely driving the other Northwest Semitic languages to extinction. The ancient Judaeans adopted Aramaic for daily use, and parts of the Old Testament are written in it.

  9. https://wiki.kidzsearch.com/wiki/Northwest_Semitic_languages

    Northwest Semitic; Subdivisions: Aramaic. Canaanite. Amorite . Samalian (extinct) The Northwest Semitic languages are a branch of Central Semitic languages. They came from the Levant in the Middle East. They include the languages Hebrew and Aramaic. References.

  10. https://nelc.uchicago.edu/northwest-semitic-philology

    Northwest Semitic Philology is intended as a comprehensive title to include a variety of specific programs devoted to the study of texts in the languages and dialects of the Northwest Semitic peoples (Ugaritic, Phoenician-Punic, the Transjordanian dialects, all dialects of Hebrew and of Aramaic).The core of the program is a knowledge of Classical Hebrew language and literature …

  11. What are northwest semitic languages? | Technology Trends

    https://www.primidi.com/what_are_northwest_semitic_languages

    Northwest Semitic Languages. Northwest Semitic is a division of the Semitic language family, comprising the ancient languages of today's Lebanon, Israel, Palestine, western Syria, and western Jordan, along with their modern descendants. Read …

  12. https://www.britannica.com/summary/Semitic-languages

    West Semitic contains as one major subgroup Northwest Semitic, which includes Ugaritic, known from alphabetic cuneiform texts of c. 1400–1200 bce; the closely related Canaanite languages (including Moabite, Phoenician, and Ancient Hebrew); and Aramaic. Further subgrouping is controversial; traditionally, Arabic was placed in a distinct South Semitic subgroup of West …



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