The Soviet Union, officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state , it was nominally a federal union of fifteen national republics ; [q] in practice, both its government and its economy were highly centralized until its final years.

The Soviet Union was established by the Bolsheviks in 1922, in place of the Russian Empire.At the time of the 1917 Revolution, the Russian Orthodox Church was deeply integrated into the autocratic state, enjoying official status.This was a significant factor that contributed to the Bolshevik attitude to religion and the steps they took to control it. ...

The general foreign policy goals of the Soviet Union were formalized in a party program ratified by delegates to the Twenty-Seventh Party ... issues about the status and borders of Germany were addressed in 1990, when the Soviet Union, along ... Britain and the Soviet Union, 1917-89 (1990). Kennan, George F. Russia and the West under ...

The Soviet Union's Red Army raised divisions during the Russian Civil War, and again during the interwar period in 1926.Only a few of the Civil War divisions were retained in this period, and even fewer survived the reorganization of the Red Army during the 1937–1941 period.During the Second World War 400 'line' rifle divisions (), 129 Soviet Guards rifle divisions, and over 50 …

Under the leadership of Vladimir Lenin (1870–1924) and Leon Trotsky (1879–1940), the Bolshevik communists established the Soviet state on 7 November [O.S. 25 October] 1917. It happened immediately after the October Revolution, when the interim Russian Provisional Government, most recently led by opposing democratic socialist Alexander Kerensky (1881–1970), which …

In the years leading up to the dissolution, various protests and resistance movements occurred or took hold throughout the Soviet Union, which were variously suppressed or tolerated. The CTAG (Latvian: Cilvēktiesību aizstāvības grupa, lit. 'Human Rights Defense Group') Helsinki-86 was founded in July 1986 in the Latvian port town of Liepāja.

This plot compares the volume of rail passenger transportation in the Soviet Union and the United States (United States). Since the Soviet Union was created in late 1922, the curve prior to this is the estimated volume of passenger transport in the "pre-Soviet territory" defined as being within the borders of the Soviet Union of the late 1930s (before the annexations per the …

Russian exports to Germany fell sharply after World War I. In addition, after the Russian Revolution of 1917, the young communist state assumed ownership of all heavy industry, banking and railways, while the 1921 New Economic Policy left almost all small-scale production and farming in the private sector. The war-ravaged German economy struggled to return to pre-war …

Feb 28, 2022 · Since then, the borders of the country have remained unchanged. When did the USSR dissolve? The USSR officially dissolved on December 26, 1991, following a long political and economic decline. Although the Soviet economy was the second-largest in 1990, the countries within the Union were complaining of economic stagnation.

History Revolution and Civil war, 1917 - 1923. Russia lost former territories of the Russian Empire with about 30 million inhabitants after the Russian Revolution of 1917 (Poland: 18 million; Finland: 3 million; Romania: 3 million; the Baltic states: 5 million and Kars to Turkey: 400 thousand).At least 2 million citizens of the former Russian Empire died in the course of the Russian Civil War ...