WebImportant amalgams Zinc amalgam. Zinc amalgam finds use in organic synthesis (e.g., for the Clemmensen reduction). It is the reducing agent in the Jones reductor, used in analytical chemistry.Formerly the zinc plates of dry batteries were amalgamated with a small amount of mercury to prevent deterioration in storage. It is a binary solution (liquid-solid) of …

WebORCA is an ab initio quantum chemistry program package that contains modern electronic structure methods including density functional theory, many-body perturbation, coupled cluster, multireference methods, and semi-empirical quantum chemistry methods.Its main field of application is larger molecules, transition metal complexes, and their …

WebSyneresis (also spelled 'synæresis' or 'synaeresis'), in chemistry, is the extraction or expulsion of a liquid from a gel, such as when serum drains from a contracting clot of blood.Another example of syneresis is the collection of whey on the surface of yogurt.Syneresis can also be observed when the amount of diluent in a swollen polymer …

WebThe Nobel Prize in Chemistry is awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences to scientists in the various fields of chemistry.It is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the will of Alfred Nobel in 1895, awarded for outstanding contributions in chemistry, physics, literature, peace, and physiology or medicine.This award is …

WebIn chemistry, the mass concentration ρ i (or γ i) is defined as the mass of a constituent m i divided by the volume of the mixture V. = For a pure chemical the mass concentration equals its density (mass divided by volume); thus the mass concentration of a component in a mixture can be called the density of a component in a mixture. This explains the usage …

WebThe SAT Subject Test in Chemistry was a one-hour multiple choice test given on chemistry by The College Board.A student chose whether to take the test depending upon college entrance requirements for the schools in which the student was planning to apply. Until 1994, the SAT Subject Tests were known as Achievement Tests; until January …

WebAdvanced Placement (AP) Chemistry (also known as AP Chem) is a course and examination offered by the College Board as a part of the Advanced Placement Program to give American and Canadian high school students the opportunity to demonstrate their abilities and earn college-level credit.AP Chemistry has the lowest test participation rate, …

WebIn chemistry, the mass fraction of a substance within a mixture is the ratio (alternatively denoted ) of the mass of that substance to the total mass of the mixture. Expressed as a formula, the mass fraction is: =. Because the individual masses of the ingredients of a mixture sum to , their mass fractions sum to unity: = = Mass fraction can also be …

WebFenton's reagent is a solution of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2) with ferrous iron (typically iron(II) sulfate, FeSO 4) as a catalyst that is used to oxidize contaminants or waste waters as part of an advanced oxidation process.Fenton's reagent can be used to destroy organic compounds such as trichloroethylene (TCE) and tetrachloroethylene (perchloroethylene, …

WebIn computer science, ACID (atomicity, consistency, isolation, durability) is a set of properties of database transactions intended to guarantee data validity despite errors, power failures, and other mishaps. In the context of databases, a sequence of database operations that satisfies the ACID properties (which can be perceived as a single logical operation on the …

WebIn analytical chemistry, quantitative analysis is the determination of the absolute or relative abundance (often expressed as a concentration) of one, several or all particular substance(s) present in a sample. Methods. Once the presence of certain substances in a sample is known, the study of their absolute or relative abundance could help in ...

WebAgricultural chemistry is the study of chemistry, especially organic chemistry and biochemistry, as they relate to agriculture—agricultural production, the processing of raw products into foods and beverages, and environmental monitoring and remediation.These studies emphasize the relationships between plants, animals and bacteria and their …

WebIn physics and chemistry, a degree of freedom is an independent physical parameter in the formal description of the state of a physical system.The set of all states of a system is known as the system's phase space, and the degrees of freedom of the system are the dimensions of the phase space.. The location of a particle in three-dimensional space requires three …

WebCrystallography is a technique that characterizes the chemical structure of materials at the atomic level by analyzing the diffraction patterns of electromagnetic radiation or particles that have been deflected by atoms in the material. X-rays are most commonly used. From the raw data, the relative placement of atoms in space may be determined.